Two pitches form an interval, which is usually defined as the distance between two notes. Consonant intervals are intervals that are considered more stable, as if they do not need to resolve, while dissonant intervals are considered less stable, as if they do need to resolve.Intervallic inversion occurs when two notes are “flipped.” When you need to identify an interval where the lower note is the tonic of a difficult or imaginary major key, inverting the interval can help.Any interval larger than an octave is a compound interval. Intervals between a unison and an octave are called simple intervals.Diminished intervals are one half step smaller than a perfect or minor interval. Augmented intervals are one half step larger than a perfect or major interval. Any interval can be augmented or diminished.Unisons, fourths, fifths, and octaves form perfect intervals, while seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths form major and minor intervals. A quality makes an interval specific when used in combination with a size.In other words, it doesn’t matter what accidentals you apply to the notes, the size is always the same. An interval’s size is the distance between two notes on a staff- i.e., it is a measurement of the number of lines and spaces between two notes. Every interval has a size and a quality. Melodic intervals are played or sung separately, while harmonic intervals are played or sung together.
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